Iko kuvandudzwa kwemagineti echigarire motors kwakabatana zvakanyanya nekuvandudzwa kwezvinhu zvisingaperi zvemagineti. China ndiyo nyika yekutanga pasi rose kuwana iyo magineti zvimiro zvechigarire magineti zvinhu uye kuzvishandisa mukuita. Makore anopfuura zviuru zviviri apfuura, China yakashandisa magineti ezvigadzirwa zvemagineti zvechigarire kugadzira kambasi, iyo yakaita basa rakakura mukufambisa, mauto uye mamwe minda, uye yakava imwe yezvikuru zvina zvigadzirwa zveChina yekare.
Mota yekutanga munyika, iyo yakaonekwa kuma1920s, yaive mota yemagineti yechigarire yaishandisa magineti echigarire kugadzira magineti ekusimudzira. Nekudaro, iyo yechigarire magineti zvinhu zvakashandiswa panguva iyoyo yaive yepanyama magnetite (Fe3O4), iyo yaive yakaderera kwazvo magineti simba density. Motokari yakaitwa nayo yakanga yakakura mukukura uye pasina nguva yakatsiviwa nemotikari yemagetsi.
Nekukurumidza kukura kwemamotor akasiyana uye nekugadzirwa kweazvino magineti, vanhu vakaita tsvakiridzo yakadzama pamusoro pemashini, kuumbwa uye kugadzira tekinoroji yezvigadzirwa zvemagineti zvisingaperi, uye vakawana zvakatevedzana zvakasiyana-siyana zvechigarire magineti senge kabhoni simbi, tungsten. simbi (yakanyanya magineti simba chigadzirwa chinosvika 2.7 kJ/m3), uye cobalt simbi (yakanyanya magineti simba chigadzirwa chinosvika 7.2 kJ/m3).
Kunyanya, kutaridzika kwealuminium nickel cobalt magineti ekusingaperi muma1930s (yakanyanya magineti simba chigadzirwa inogona kusvika 85 kJ/m3) uye ferrite magineti echigarire muma1950s (yakanyanya magineti simba chigadzirwa inogona kusvika 40 kJ/m3) yakavandudza zvikuru magineti zvivakwa. , uye dzakasiyana-siyana diki uye diki Motors vakatanga kushandisa zvachose magineti excitation.Simba zvechigarire magineti Motors siyana kubva milliwatts shoma kusvika makumi kilowatts. Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwemauto, maindasitiri uye ekurima uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva, uye kubuda kwavo kwakawedzera zvakanyanya.
Zvichienderana, panguva ino, mabudiro akaitwa mune dhizaini yedhizaini, nzira dzekuverenga, magnetization uye tekinoroji yekugadzira yeanogara magineti mota, achigadzira seti yekuongorora uye nzira dzekutsvagisa dzinomiririrwa neanogara magineti anoshanda dhiyagiramu nzira. Nekudaro, simba rekumanikidza reAlNiCo magineti echigarire rakaderera (36-160 kA/m), uye yakasara yemagineti density yemagineti asingagumi eferrite haina kukwirira (0.2-0.44 T), iyo inoganhura yavo yekushandiswa kwemhando mumamotor.
Yakanga isiri iyo kusvika kuma1960 nema1980 apo isingawanzo pasi cobalt magineti echigarire uye neodymium iron boron magineti echigarire (pamwe chete anonzi magineti asingawanzo pasi asingagumi) akabuda rimwe pashure peimwe. Yavo yakanakisa magineti zvimiro zveakakwira remanent magineti density, yakakwirira yekumanikidza simba, yakakwira magineti simba chigadzirwa uye mutsara demagnetization curve inonyanya kukodzera kugadzira mota, nekudaro kuunza kuvandudzwa kwemagineti echigarire mune imwe nguva yenhoroondo.
1.Permanent magnetic materials
Izvo zvechigarire magineti zvinhu zvinowanzo shandiswa mumamotor zvinosanganisira sintered magineti uye akasungirirwa magineti, iwo makuru marudzi aluminium nickel cobalt, ferrite, samarium cobalt, neodymium iron boron, nezvimwe.
Alnico: Alnico anogara magineti zvinhu ndeimwe yekutanga kushandiswa kwechigarire magineti zvinhu, uye maitiro ayo ekugadzirira uye tekinoroji zvakakura.
Permanent ferrite: Mumakore ekuma1950, ferrite yakatanga kubudirira, kunyanya muma1970, apo strontium ferrite ine simba rakanaka uye simba remagineti rakaiswa mukugadzirwa muhuwandu hukuru, nekukurumidza kuwedzera kushandiswa kwechigarire ferrite. Senge isiri-metallic magineti zvinhu, ferrite haina kuipa kweiyo nyore oxidation, yakaderera Curie tembiricha uye kudhura kwakanyanya kwesimbi inogara magineti zvinhu, saka inofarirwa zvakanyanya.
Samarium cobalt: Inogara magineti zvinhu zvine yakanakisa magineti zvimiro zvakabuda pakati pe-1960s uye ine kuita kwakagadzikana kwazvo. Samarium cobalt inonyanya kukodzera kugadzira mota maererano nemagnetic properties, asi nekuda kwemutengo wayo wakakwira, inonyanya kushandiswa mukutsvagisa nekuvandudza mota dzemauto senge ndege, aerospace, uye zvombo, uye mota munzvimbo dzepamusoro-soro uko. kushanda kwepamusoro uye mutengo haisi iyo chinhu chikuru.
NdFeB: NdFeB magineti zvinhu ndeye alloy ye neodymium, iron oxide, nezvimwewo, inozivikanwawo semagineti simbi. Iyo ine yakanyanya kukwirisa magineti simba chigadzirwa uye kumanikidza simba. Panguva imwecheteyo, mabhenefiti ehukuru hwesimba guru anoita kuti NdFeB yekusingaperi magineti zvishandiswe zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemazuva ano uye tekinoroji yemagetsi, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kuita miniaturize, kurerutsa uye zvitete midziyo yakaita sezviridzwa, electroacoustic motors, magineti kupatsanurwa uye magnetization. Nekuti ine yakawanda ye neodymium uye iron, iri nyore kuita ngura. Surface kemikari passivation ndiyo imwe yeakanakisa mhinduro parizvino.
Corrosion kuramba, yakanyanya tembiricha yekushanda, kugadzirisa mashandiro, demagnetization curve chimiro,
uye mutengo wekuenzanisa wezvinowanzo shandiswa zvechigarire magineti zvemotor (Mufananidzo)
2.Iko kupesvedzera kwemagineti simbi chimiro uye kushivirira pakuita kwemota
1. Kupesvedzera kwemagineti simbi ukobvu
Kana iyo yemukati kana yekunze yemagineti yakagadziriswa, iyo gap yemhepo inoderera uye inoshanda magineti flux inowedzera kana ukobvu huchiwedzera. Chiratidzo chiri pachena ndechekuti hapana-mutoro kumhanya inodzikira uye hapana-mutoro ikozvino inoderera pasi peiyo yakafanana yasara magineti, uye iyo yakanyanya kushanda zvakanaka yemota inowedzera. Nekudaro, pane zvakare zvipingamupinyi, senge kuwedzera kutenderera kuzunguzika kwemota uye yakanyatso kukwira inoshanda curve yemota. Naizvozvo, ukobvu hweiyo mota magineti simbi inofanirwa kuenderana sezvinobvira kuderedza vibration.
2.Kufurira kwemagnetic steel width
Kune yakanyatso paradzana brushless mota magineti, iyo yakazara cumulative gap haigone kudarika 0.5 mm. Kana iri diki, haizoisirwe. Kana yakakurisa, mota inodedera uye kuderedza kushanda zvakanaka. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti chinzvimbo cheHoro chinhu chinoyera chinzvimbo chemagineti hachienderane nenzvimbo chaiyo yemagineti, uye hupamhi hunofanira kuenderana, zvikasadaro mota ichave nekushomeka kwekuita uye kudengenyeka kukuru.
Kune mabhurashi mota, pane imwe gap pakati pemagineti, iyo yakachengeterwa iyo mechanic commutation transition zone. Kunyangwe paine gaka, vagadziri vazhinji vane yakasimba magineti yekumisikidza maitiro kuti ive nechokwadi chekuisa chaiko kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekumisikidzwa kweiyo mota magineti. Kana hupamhi hwemagineti huchipfuura, haizogadzirwe; kana hupamhi hwemagineti hwakanyanya kudiki, zvinokonzeresa kuti magineti irege kurongeka, mota inodedera zvakanyanya, uye kushanda zvakanaka kuchaderedzwa.
3.Kupesvedzera kwemagnetic steel chamfer size uye isiri-chamfer
Kana iyo chamfer isina kuitwa, mwero wekuchinja kweiyo magineti pamucheto weiyo mota yemagineti ichave yakakura, zvichikonzera kupuruzira kwemota. Iyo chamfer yakakura, iyo idiki iyo vibrate. Nekudaro, chamfering kazhinji inokonzeresa kumwe kurasikirwa mune magineti flux. Kune mamwe maratidziro, iyo magineti flux kurasikirwa ndeye 0.5 ~ 1.5% kana chamfer iri 0.8. Kune mabhurashi mota ane yakaderera yasara magineti, zvakafanira kudzikisa saizi yechamfer kuchabatsira kutsiva yasara magineti, asi kuputika kwemota kuchawedzera. Kazhinji, kana iyo yakasara magineti yakadzikira, kushivirira munzira yekureba kunogona kukwidziridzwa zvakafanira, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera inoshanda magineti flux kune imwe nhanho uye kuchengetedza kuita kwemota kusachinja.
3.Notes pamusoro pechigarire magineti motors
1. Magnetic redunhu chimiro uye dhizaini kuverenga
Kuti upe kutamba kwakazara kune magineti ezvakasiyana zvechigarire magineti zvinhu, kunyanya akanakisa magineti easingawanzo epasi magineti echigarire, uye kugadzira inodhura-inoshanda inogara magineti mota, hazvigoneke kungoshandisa chimiro uye dhizaini yekuverenga nzira dze. zvechinyakare zvisingaperi magineti mota kana electromagnetic excitation motors. Mafungiro matsva ekugadzira anofanirwa kusimbiswa kuti aongorore zvakare nekuvandudza iyo magineti yedunhu chimiro. Nekukurumidza kusimudzira kwecomputer hardware uye software tekinoroji, pamwe nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kwemaitiro emazuva ano ekugadzira senge electromagnetic field mancalculation, optimization dhizaini uye tekinoroji yekunyepedzera, uye kuburikidza nekuedza kwakabatana kwenharaunda dzemotori uye mainjiniya, kubudirira kwave kuchiitwa. yakagadzirwa mune dhizaini yedhizaini, nzira dzekuverenga, maitiro ekugadzirisa uye kudzora matekinoroji echigarire magineti mota, achigadzira yakazara seti yekuongorora uye nzira dzekutsvagisa uye komputa-inobatsira ongororo uye dhizaini software inosanganisa electromagnetic field manhamba kuverenga uye yakaenzana magineti wedunhu analytical solution, uye iri kuramba ichivandudzwa.
2. Irreversible demagnetization dambudziko
Kana iyo dhizaini kana kushandisa isina kunaka, iyo inogara magineti mota inogona kuburitsa isingadzokeri demagnetization, kana demagnetization, kana tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya (NdFeB isingaperi magineti) kana yakaderera (ferrite isingaperi magineti), pasi pekuita kwearature kunokonzerwa nekukanganisa ikozvino, kana pasi peyakaoma mechanical vibration, iyo inoderedza kushanda kwemotokari uye kunyange kuita kuti irege kushandiswa. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti udzidze nekugadzira nzira nemidziyo yakakodzera kune vanogadzira mota kuti vatarise kugadzikana kwekupisa kwezvinhu zvisingaperi zvemagineti, uye kuongorora masimba e-anti-demagnetization emhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvimiro, kuitira kuti matanho anoenderana anogona kutorwa panguva yekugadzira nekugadzira. kuve nechokwadi chekuti chigarire magineti mota hairasikirwe nemagnetism.
3.Cost Issues
Sezvo magineti epasi asingawanzo echigarire achiri kudhura, mutengo weasingawanzo pasi isingaperi magineti mota kazhinji wakakwira kupfuura iwo emagetsi emagetsi ekusimudzira mota, ayo anoda kubhadharwa nekuita kwayo kwakanyanya uye kuchengetwa mumitengo yekushandisa. Mune dzimwe nguva, senge voice coil motors yemakombuta disk drives, kushandiswa kweNdFeB magineti echigarire kunonatsiridza mashandiro, kunoderedza zvakanyanya huwandu uye huwandu, uye kunoderedza mutengo wakakwana. Paunenge uchigadzira, zvinodikanwa kuita kuenzanisa kwekuita uye mutengo zvichibva pane yakatarwa nguva dzekushandisa uye zvinodiwa, uye kuvandudza maitiro ezvimiro uye optimize madhizaini kudzikisa mutengo.
Anhui Mingteng Permanent Magnet Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.https://www.mingtengmotor.com/) Iyo demagnetization rate yeanogara magineti mota magineti simbi haipfuure chiuru chimwe pagore.
Iyo yekusingaperi magineti zvinhu zvechigarire magineti mota rotor yekambani yedu inotora yakakwirira magineti simba chigadzirwa uye yakakwirira mukati coercivity sintered NdFeB, uye akajairwa mamakisi ari N38SH, N38UH, N40UH, N42UH, nezvimwe. Tora N38SH, giredhi rinowanzoshandiswa rekambani yedu. , semuenzaniso: 38- inomiririra yakakura magineti simba chigadzirwa che 38MGOe; SH inomiririra yakanyanya tembiricha kuramba 150 ℃. UH ine yakanyanya tembiricha kuramba 180 ℃. Iyo kambani yakagadzira hunyanzvi hwekushandisa uye kutungamira zvigadziriso zvemagineti simbi kusangana, uye nemhando yekuongorora polarity yeakaungana magineti simbi nenzira dzinonzwisisika, kuitira kuti hukama hwemagineti flux kukosha kwega yega slot magineti simbi iri padyo, iyo inovimbisa symmetry yemagineti. dunhu uye kunaka kwemagineti simbi musangano.
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Nguva yekutumira: Aug-30-2024