Frequency converter ndiyo tekinoroji inofanirwa kuve nyanzvi pakuita basa remagetsi. Kushandisa frequency converter kudzora mota inzira yakajairika mukutonga kwemagetsi; zvimwe zvinodawo unyanzvi mukushandisa kwavo.
1.Chekutanga pane zvese, sei uchishandisa frequency converter kudzora mota?
Iyo mota inotakura inductive, iyo inotadzisa shanduko yezvino uye inoburitsa shanduko huru mune yazvino paunotanga.
Iyo inverter chinhu chemagetsi simba rekudzora mudziyo unoshandisa on-off basa remagetsi semiconductor zvishandiso kushandura iyo indasitiri frequency magetsi ekuisa mune imwe frequency. Inonyanya kuumbwa nematunhu maviri, imwe ndiyo huru dunhu (rectifier module, electrolytic capacitor uye inverter module), uye imwe yacho inodzora dunhu (kuchinja kwemagetsi bhodhi, control circuit board).
Kuti uderedze kutanga ikozvino kwemotokari, kunyanya motokari ine simba repamusoro, simba guru, rinowedzera kutanga ikozvino. Yakawandisa kutanga ikozvino ichaunza mutoro mukuru kune magetsi uye kugovera network. Iyo frequency converter inogona kugadzirisa dambudziko iri rekutanga uye kubvumira mota kuti itange mushe pasina kukonzera yakawandisa kutanga ikozvino.
Rimwe basa rekushandisa frequency converter kugadzirisa kumhanya kwemota. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvinodikanwa kudzora kumhanya kwemota kuti uwane zvirinani kugadzirwa, uye frequency converter yekumhanyisa regulation yagara iri yakanyanya kuratidza. Iyo frequency converter inodzora kumhanya kwemota nekushandura frequency yemagetsi ekupa.
2.Ndeipi nzira dzekudzora inverter?
Iwo mashanu anonyanya kushandiswa nzira dze inverter control motors ndeaya anotevera:
A. Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) nzira yekudzora
Hunhu hwayo hwakareruka kudzora wedunhu chimiro, yakaderera mutengo, yakanaka mekiniki kuoma, uye inogona kusangana neyakatsetseka yekumhanyisa mutemo zvinodiwa zvekutapurirana kwakawanda. Yakave yakashandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeindasitiri.
Nekudaro, pane yakaderera frequency, nekuda kweiyo yakaderera yekubuda voltage, iyo torque inokanganiswa zvakanyanya neiyo stator resistance voltage kudonha, iyo inoderedza iyo yakanyanya kubuda torque.
Mukuwedzera, maitiro ayo emagetsi haana kusimba seaya eDC motors, uye simba rayo re torque uye static speed regulation performance haisi kugutsa. Uye zvakare, iyo system performance haina kukwira, iyo yekudzora curve inoshanduka nemutoro, torque mhinduro inononoka, chiyero chekushandiswa kwemotor torque haina kukwirira, uye kuita kunodzikira nekumhanya kwakaderera nekuda kwekuvapo kwe stator kuramba uye inverter yakafa. zone effect, uye kugadzikana kunoderera. Naizvozvo, vanhu vakadzidza vector control variable frequency speed regulation.
B. Voltage Space Vector (SVPWM) Kudzora Nzira
Iyo yakavakirwa pane yakazara chizvarwa mhedzisiro yeiyo-nhatu-chikamu waveform, nechinangwa chekusvika kune yakanakira denderedzwa inotenderera magineti trajectory yemotor mweya gap, ichigadzira matatu-chikamu modulation waveform panguva, uye kuidzora munzira. yeporigoni yakanyorwa yakaenzana nedenderedzwa.
Mushure mekushandisa kunoshanda, yakagadziridzwa, ndiko kuti, kuunza frequency muripo kubvisa kukanganisa kwekukurumidza kutonga; kufungidzira iyo flux amplitude kuburikidza nemhinduro kubvisa pesvedzero ye stator kuramba pane yakaderera kumhanya; kuvhara magetsi ekubuda uye loop yazvino kuti ivandudze kusimba uye kugadzikana. Nekudaro, kune akawanda ekudzora edunhu maratidziro, uye hapana torque gadziriso inounzwa, saka mashandiro ehurongwa haana kuvandudzwa.
C. Vector control (VC) nzira
Chakakosha kuita iyo AC mota yakaenzana neDC mota, uye yakazvimiririra kudzora kumhanya uye magineti. Nekudzora iyo rotor flux, iyo stator ikozvino yakaora kuti iwane torque uye magineti emunda zvikamu, uye iyo coordination shanduko inoshandiswa kuwana orthogonal kana decoupled control. Iko kuunzwa kweiyo vector control nzira ndeye epoch-kuita kukosha. Nekudaro, mumashandisirwo anoshanda, sezvo iyo rotor flux yakaoma kunyatso kucherekedza, maitiro ehurongwa anokanganisa zvakanyanya nemota paramita, uye iyo vector kutenderera shanduko inoshandiswa mune yakaenzana DC mota control process yakaoma, zvichiita kuti zviome kune chaiyo. kudzora maitiro kuti uwane yakanakira ongororo mhedzisiro.
D. Yakananga Torque Control (DTC) Nzira
Muna 1985, Muzvinafundo DePenbrock weRuhr University kuGermany akatanga kurangana yakananga torque control frequency conversion tekinoroji. Iyi tekinoroji yakagadzirisa zvakanyanya kukanganisa kweiyo yataurwa pamusoro vector control, uye yakagadziridzwa nekukurumidza nemanovel ekutonga mazano, mapfupi uye akajeka sisitimu magadzirirwo, uye yakanakisa simba uye static kuita.
Parizvino, tekinoroji iyi yakashandiswa zvakabudirira kune yakakwirira-simba AC transmission traction yemagetsi locomotives. Yakananga torque kutonga inoongorora zvakananga iyo yemasvomhu modhi yeAC motors mune stator coordination system uye inodzora magineti flux uye torque yemota. Izvo hazvidi kuenzanisa AC motors kune DC mota, nekudaro kubvisa akawanda akaoma kuverenga muvector kutenderera shanduko; haidi kutevedzera kutonga kweDC motors, uye haidi kurerutsa iyo masvomhu modhi yeAC motors yekubvisa.
E. Matrix AC-AC kutonga nzira
VVVF frequency conversion, vector control frequency conversion, uye yakananga torque control frequency kutendeuka ese marudzi e AC-DC-AC frequency kutendeuka. Kukanganisa kwavo kwakajairika ishoma yekupinza simba chinhu, yakakura harmonic ikozvino, hombe yekuchengetedza simba capacitor inodiwa kuDC wedunhu, uye regenerative simba haigone kudzoserwa kune gidhi remagetsi, ndiko kuti, haigone kushanda muma quadrants mana.
Nechikonzero ichi, matrix AC-AC frequency kutendeuka yakatanga kuvepo. Sezvo matrix AC-AC frequency shanduko inobvisa yepakati DC link, inobvisa yakakura uye inodhura electrolytic capacitor. Inogona kuwana simba re 1, sinusoidal inopinza ikozvino uye inogona kushanda muma quadrants mana, uye hurongwa hune simba guru. Kunyangwe tekinoroji iyi isati yakura, ichiri kukwezva nyanzvi zhinji kuti dziite tsvakiridzo yakadzama. Chimiro chayo hachisi chekudzora zvisina kunanga ikozvino, magineti flux uye humwe huwandu, asi kushandisa zvakananga torque sehuwandu hunodzorwa kuti huite.
3.Ko inoshandura frequency inodzora mota sei? Iwo maviri akabatanidzwa sei pamwe chete?
Iyo wiring ye inverter yekudzora mota iri nyore, yakafanana neiyo wiring yecontactor, ine mitsara mikuru mitatu yemagetsi inopinda uye yozobuda kune mota, asi marongero akanyanya kuoma, uye nzira dzekudzora inverter dziri zvakare. zvakasiyana.
Chekutanga pane zvese, kune iyo inverter terminal, kunyangwe paine mabhureki mazhinji uye nzira dzakasiyana dze wiring, iyo wiring terminals yevazhinji inverters haina kusiyana zvakanyanya. Kazhinji yakakamurwa kuita kumberi uye kudzosera kumashure switch yekupinda, inoshandiswa kudzora kumberi nekudzosera kumashure kwemota. Mafeedback terminals anoshandiswa kupindura mamiriro ekushanda kwemota,kusanganisira kushanda frequency, kumhanya, kukanganisa mamiriro, nezvimwe.
Nekumhanyisa kuseta kutonga, mamwe ma frequency converter anoshandisa potentiometers, mamwe anoshandisa mabhatani zvakananga, ese ayo anodzorwa kuburikidza nemuviri wiring. Imwe nzira ndeyekushandisa network network. Mazhinji ma frequency converters ikozvino anotsigira kutaurirana kutonga. Mutsara wekukurukurirana unogona kushandiswa kudzora kutanga uye kumira, mberi uye kutenderera kutenderera, kugadzirisa kukurumidza, nezvimwewo zvemotokari. Panguva imwecheteyo, ruzivo rwemhinduro runoparidzirwawo kuburikidza nekukurukurirana.
4.Chii chinoitika kune inobuda torque yemota kana iyo inotenderera kumhanya (frequency) ichichinja?
Iyo yekutanga torque uye yakanyanya torque kana ichifambiswa ne frequency converter idiki pane kana ichityairwa zvakananga nemagetsi.
Iyo mota ine hombe yekutanga uye yekumhanyisa maitiro kana ichifambiswa nemagetsi, asi izvi zvinokonzeresa hazvina simba kana zvichifambiswa ne frequency converter. Yakananga kutanga nemagetsi ichagadzira yakakura yekutanga ikozvino. Kana frequency converter ichishandiswa, iyo inobuda voltage uye frequency ye frequency converter inowedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma kune mota, saka mota inotanga ikozvino uye kukanganisa idiki. Kazhinji, torque inogadzirwa nemota inodzikira sezvo frequency inoderera (kumhanya kunoderera). Iyo chaiyo data yekudzikisa ichatsanangurwa mune mamwe ma frequency converter manual.
Iyo yakajairika mota inogadzirwa uye inogadzirwa kune 50Hz voltage, uye yayo yakayerwa torque inopihwa zvakare mukati meiyi voltage renji. Naizvozvo, kukurumidza kudzora pazasi peiyo yakayerwa frequency inonzi inogara torque kasi regulation. (T=Te, P<=Pe)
Kana iyo inobuda frequency ye frequency converter yakakura kupfuura 50Hz, torque inogadzirwa nemota inodzikira muhukama hwemutsara inversely inoenderana neiyo frequency.
Kana mota ichimhanya pane frequency yakakura kupfuura 50Hz, saizi yemutoro wemota inofanirwa kutariswa kudzivirira kusakwana mota inobuda torque.
Semuenzaniso, torque inogadzirwa nemota pa100Hz inoderedzwa kusvika pa1/2 ye torque inogadzirwa pa50Hz.
Naizvozvo, kukurumidza kudzora pamusoro peiyo yakatemerwa frequency inonzi inogara ichimhanya simba regulation. (P=Ue*Ie).
5.Kushandiswa kwefrequency converter pamusoro pe50Hz
Kune chaiyo mota, yakayerwa voltage uye yakayerwa ikozvino inongogara.
Semuenzaniso, kana iyo yakayerwa kukosha kweiyo inverter uye mota zviri zviviri: 15kW/380V/30A, mota inogona kushanda pamusoro pe50Hz.
Kana kumhanya kuri 50Hz, inobuda voltage ye inverter iri 380V uye ikozvino i30A. Panguva ino, kana iyo yakabuda frequency yakawedzera kusvika 60Hz, iyo yakanyanya kubuda voltage uye ikozvino ye inverter inogona kungova 380V/30A. Zviripachena, iyo inobuda simba inoramba isina kuchinjika, saka tinoidaidza kuti inogara ichimhanya simba regulation.
Ko torque yakaita sei panguva ino?
Nekuti P = wT (w; angular velocity, T: torque), sezvo P inoramba isina kuchinjika uye w inowedzera, torque inoderera zvinoenderana.
Tinogonawo kuzvitarisa kubva kune imwe kona:
Iyo stator voltage yemota ndeye U = E + I * R (Ini ndiri ikozvino, R ndeyemagetsi kuramba, uye E inokonzerwa kugona).
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kana U neni tikasachinja, E haichinjewo.
Uye E=k*f*X (k: nguva dzose; f: frequency; X: magineti flux), saka kana f yachinja kubva pa50–>60Hz, X inodzikira zvinoenderana.
Kune mota, T = K*I*X (K: inogara; Ini: ikozvino; X: magineti flux), saka torque T inodzikira sezvo iyo magineti flux X inoderera.
Panguva imwecheteyo, kana iri pasi pe50Hz, sezvo I * R iri duku zvikuru, kana U / f = E / f isingashanduki, magnetic flux (X) inogara iripo. Torque T inoenderana neyazvino. Ichi ndicho chikonzero iyo overcurrent kugona kweiyo inverter inowanzo shandiswa kutsanangura kuwanda kwayo (torque) kugona, uye inonzi inogara torque kumhanya mutemo (yakayerwa ikozvino inoramba isina kuchinjika-> yakakura torque inoramba isina kuchinjika)
Mhedziso: Kana iyo inobuda frequency yeinverter ichiwedzera kubva pamusoro pe50Hz, iyo torque yekubuda yemota inoderera.
6.Zvimwe zvinhu zvine chekuita nekubuda torque
Iyo yekugadzira kupisa uye kupisa kupisa simba inotarisisa iyo inobuda ikozvino kugona kweiyo inverter, nekudaro ichikanganisa yakabuda torque kugona kweiyo inverter.
1. Mutakuri wefrequency: Iyo yakayerwa ikozvino yakamaka pane inverter inowanzo kukosha iyo inogona kuve nechokwadi chinoenderera kuburitsa panguva yepamusoro yekutakura frequency uye yakanyanya ambient tembiricha. Kudzikisa frequency yekutakura hakuzokanganisa ikozvino yemota. Zvisinei, chizvarwa chekupisa chezvikamu chichaderedzwa.
2. Ambient tembiricha: Kungofanana neiyo inverter kudzivirira ikozvino kukosha hakuzowedzerwe kana ambient tembiricha yaonekwa kuti yakaderera.
3. Altitude: Kuwedzera kwepamusoro kune kukanganisa pakupisa kupisa uye kushanda kwekudzivirira. Kazhinji, inogona kufuratirwa pasi pe1000m, uye huwandu hunogona kudzikiswa ne5% pamamita zana ega ega pamusoro.
7.Ndeipi frequency yakakodzera yefrequency converter kudzora mota?
Muchidimbu chiri pamusoro apa, takadzidza kuti sei inverter inoshandiswa kudzora mota, uye zvakare takanzwisisa kuti inverter inodzora sei mota. Iyo inverter inodzora mota, iyo inogona kupfupikiswa seinotevera:
Chekutanga, iyo inverter inodzora yekutanga voltage uye frequency yemota kuti iwane kutanga kwakatsetseka uye kumira kwakatsetseka;
Chechipiri, iyo inverter inoshandiswa kugadzirisa kukurumidza kwemotokari, uye kukurumidza kwemotokari kunogadziriswa nekushandura frequency.
Anhui Mingteng's anogara magineti motazvigadzirwa zvinodzorwa neiyo inverter. Mukati memutoro we25% -120%, vane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro uye hwakapamhama hwekushanda pane asynchronous motors ezvakatsanangurwa zvakafanana, uye zvine akakosha ekuchengetedza simba.
Nyanzvi dzedu tekinoroji dzichasarudza inverter yakanyatsokodzera zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekushanda uye izvo chaizvo zvinodiwa nevatengi kuti vawane kudzora kuri nani kwemota uye kuwedzera mashandiro emota. Pamusoro pezvo, dhipatimendi redu rebasa rehunyanzvi rinogona kutungamira kure vatengi kuti vaise uye kugadzirisa inverter, uye kuona-kutenderera kwekutevera uye sevhisi pamberi uye mushure mekutengesa.
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Nguva yekutumira: Sep-09-2024